Introduction 2001 2001 Rhodopseudomonas acidophila 1995 1995 2003 Rhodospirillum rubrum R. rubrum 1995 Rhodobacter sphaeroides R. sphaeroides 1999 Rhodopseudomonas palustris Rps. palustris 2003 2001 2003 2004 2004 2004 b 2003 Rubrivivax geratinosus 2001 Rhodopseudomonas viridis 2003 Rhodospirillum photometricum 2004 R. rubrum Escherichia coli 2004 R. sphaeroides 2004 2004 2002 1995 2004 2004 2002 R. rubrum Rps. palustris Materials and methods R. rubrum Rps. palustris R. rubrum Rps. palustris 2003 1991 R. rubrum R. rubrum 1991 λ max λ max R. rubrum Rps. palustris R. rubrum Rps. palustris 2003 R. rubrum Rps. palustris Rps. palustris Preparation of the core complex assembled on APS-ITO electrodes 2002 2 2 2 4 Near IR, FT-IR, and fluorescence spectra Near IR spectra were recorded with Hitachi U-2000 and U-3500. Fluorescence spectra were measured with a Nippon Roper fluorometer by using a halogen tungsten light bulb (TS-428 DC), a single monochromator (SP-150M) for selection of the excitation wavelength, a monochromator (SP-306) and a CCD detector (Spec 10-100 BR/LN) to detect the emitted fluorescence. The slits were set at 0.50 mm for the LH1 complexes in OG. Slits were set at 1.00 mm for the LH1 complex on the electrode. The samples were measured at 25°C. FT-IR spectra were recorded with Perkin-Elmer Spectrum 2000. Photocurrent measurements 4 Results and discussion 1 R. rubrum Rps. palustris a a a a 1995 R. rubrum 1999 Fig. 1 R. rubrum a Rps. palustris b dotted line solid line  1 R. rubrum R. rubrum Rps. palustris a R. rubrum R. rubrum a 2004 R. rubrum R. rubrum Rps. palustris −1 1998 1988 2000 Table 1 R. rubrum R. rubrum Rps. palustris   In OG micelle On APS-ITO Absorbance (nm) Fluorescence (nm) Absorbance (nm) Fluorescence (nm) R rubum LH1 870 890 870 890 R. rubum LH1-RC 880 900 880 900 Rps. palustris LH1-RC 878 900 878 900 2000 R. rubrum R. rubrum Rps. palustris 2 R. rubrum 2 3 2003 2000 Fig. 2 R. rubrum  Fig. 3 left right  4 R. rubrum Rps. palustris R. rubrum Rps. palustris R. rubrum Rps. palustris 2000 R. rubrum a 2003 R. rubrum 2 3 2004 Fig. 4 dots solid line a R. rubrum b Rps. palustris  In conclusion, the SAM method is clearly successful in allowing assembly of functional LH1-RC core complexes on the electrode. This has been confirmed by NIR absorption spectroscopy, demonstrating that the photocurrent response, which is derived from electron transfer between the RC and the electrode, is enhanced by illumination at 880 nm.