Introduction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 RET GDNF 11 12 RET/GDNF AGTR2 1 Table 1 LOD NPL HLOD A B RET/GDNF C D E UPK3A F Gene Relevance Chromosome Location (cM) Multi-point LOD score at the gene location NPL p b b Reference GDNF A/B 5 54 −2.03 0.70 0.22 0.10 0.01 13 RET A/B 10 66 −2.55 −0.85 0.80 0.00 0.00 13 SLIT2 A/B 4 34 −2.15 0.35 0.32 0.15 0.80 14 SPRY1 A/B 4 126 −3.25 −0.98 0.86 0.00 0.00 14 PAX2 A/B 10 124 −3.43 −0.49 0.63 0.00 0.00 13 AGTR2 A/C X 71 −3.81 −1.18 0.88 0.00 0.00 15 HLADRB1 D 6 46 −1.84 0.25 0.35 0.20 0.16 16 UPK1A E 19 61 −2.90 −0.62 0.69 0.00 0.00 17 18 UPK1B E 3 138 0.15 1.24 0.12 0.65 0.43 17 18 UPK2 E 11 115 −1.50 −0.22 0.52 0.00 0.00 17 18 UPK3A A/F 22 53 a −1.20 0.80 0.00 0.00 17 18 UPK3B E 7 89 −1.08 0.59 0.25 0.00 0.00 17 18 a UPK3A b Methods 1 19 1 Fig. 1 2 3, 4 9 15 19 18 68, 69, 73 25, 26, 30 31 33 39, 42, 43 47 50 52 55 49 51  9 15 7 7 8 1 1 20 21 AGTR2 22 7 23 1 24 24 25 Results 1 P P 1 GDNF, RET, SLIT2, SPRY1, PAX2, AGTR2, UPK1A UPK3A 7 Methods 2 Fig. 2 Multi-point LOD plots for the reported loci tested in the linkage study of four large multi-generational VUR families. Because one of the flanking markers of the 1p13 locus proved to actually map to chromosome 2, we also tested the chromosome 2q11 region. HLOD (heterogeneity LOD) analyses did not contribute. Positions in cM  Discussion HLADRB1 GDNF, RET, SLIT2, SPRY1, PAX2, AGTR2, UPK1A UPK3A ROBO2 SLIT2 26 6 RET/GDNF RET/GDNF EYA1, GATA3, WT1 BMP4 27 8 7 1 8 7 8 28 29 6 7 Electronic supplementary material Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
 Supplementary Table 1 Online MPL