Handbuch der speziellen pathologischen Anatomie und Histologie 1 Diagnostic considerations 2 3 Incidence and prevalence of FSGS in children 4 5 6 6 2 5 7 10 5 9 11 4 11 12 11 6 11 5 4 10 13 14 15 4 9 11 16 4 10 13 4 5 10 17 5 4 4 5 18 19 Incidence and prevalence of FSGS in adults 20 21 20 21 22 23 23 22 24 25 25 26 26 26 Familial FSGS 2 NPHS2 27 NPHS2 27 28 NPHS2 ACTN4 TRPC6 29 Conclusion It is clear that there is still much to learn about the epidemiology of idiopathic FSGS. However, there are encouraging signs that the body of knowledge will be enhanced in coming years by the various registries and population-based studies currently underway. Questions Patients with idiopathic FSGS often present with microscopic hematuria without proteinuria. All patients with FSGS have nephrotic range proteinuria. Patients with FSGS have proteinuria of varying severity. None of the above. Male gender. Persistent proteinuria after therapy. Hyperlipidemia. Caucasian race. Age. Accurate data concerning the outcome of patients with FSGS is lacking since the disease was first described only 30 years ago. The incidence of the disease appears to be decreasing in the last 20 years. Most cases of FSGS can now be linked to specific gene mutations that disturb podocyte function. All of the above. None of the above. FSGS is a more frequent cause of ESRD in Caucasian children than in African-American children. FSGS is more commonly associated with nephrotic syndrome in Hispanic children than in white children. Children with FSGS account for less than 10% of African-American children who progress to ESRD. All of the above. None of the above.