INTRODUCTION 1 2 3 SURGICAL REPAIR: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF BIOLOGICAL TISSUE GRAFTS 4 5 6 7 PROSTHETIC BEGINNINGS AND PAST USE 8 9 10 11 11 11 Table 1 CARBON FIBRE PROSTHETICS 12 12 13 13 14 14 15 GORE-TEX PERMANENT PROSTHESIS 16 16 17 18 19 17 19 DACRON 20 3 21 22 23 LEEDS-KEIO ARTIFICIAL LIGAMENT 24 24 24 25 26 27 28 27 28 KENNEDY LIGAMENT AUGMENTATION DEVICE (LAD) 29 30 29 31 32 23 THE FUTURE: LIGAMENT ADVANCED REINFORCEMENT SYSTEM (LARS) ARTIFICIAL LIGAMENT 1 28 1 1 2 35 2 Although preliminary investigations into the use of the LARS artificial ligament have been encouraging, concerns regarding the risk of rupture remain and must be addressed through long-term follow-up studies. TISSUE ENGINEERING ADVANCES 36 37 38 39 6 40 6 41 36 42 43 44 COMPUTER-ASSISTED ACL RECONSTRUCTION 45 46 46 CONCLUSION 40