A comprehensive study of socio-medical and constitutional aspects of longevity in Pridnestrovie (Transnistria) was carried out. The level of longevity, the frequency of occurrence of hereditary predisposition to longevity, the features of anthropometric indicators, the somatic and psychological constitution of long-livers, their state of health, degree of ability to self-service, marital status, professional activity and level of physical activity throughout life are revealed.