The basic demographic indices of the aging and longevity of population in Yakutia have been analyzed. The Sakha Republic (Yakutia) is one of the biggest regions of Russia, which occupies 18% of the territory. Aging of population is shown as one of the main tendencies in the modern demographic development in the Republic and reflection of the world process. In spite of the extreme living conditions, Yakutia was considered to be one of the longevity centres in the country. Regarding this, the basic demographic longevity's indices for recent years were investigated in details. The decrease tendencies of longevity level have been determined in the following: among men and women, urban and rural inhabitants and in the Republic, in the whole.