Daily survival rates, life expectancy, dispersal, and parity are important components of vectorial capacity of Aedes aegypti. These parameters were estimated for mosquito populations from a slum and a suburban district in Rio de Janeiro, during the wet and dry seasons in 2005. In each mark-release-recapture experiment, three cohorts of dust-marked Ae. aegypti females were released. Recaptures were carried out daily in randomly selected houses, using backpack aspirators, adult traps, and sticky ovitraps. Recapture varied between 6.81% and 14.26%. Daily survival was estimated by fitting two alternative models: exponential and nonlinear models with correction for the removal of individuals. Slum area presented higher survival and parity rates (68.5%). Dispersal rates were higher in the suburban area, where a maximum dispersal of 363 m was observed. Results suggest intense risk of dengue epidemic, particularly in the urban area.