Experimental data confirming original thermodynamic theory of biological evolution and aging are presented. Biological evolution (phylogenesis) and ontogenesis can be easily described within the frames of equilibrium hierarchical thermodynamics on the basis of temporal hierarchies law and the second principle of thermodynamics. The theory explains many facts and suggests new practical proposals in medical and biological science, particularly, in dietology, gerontology, and geriatrics. Application of the temporal hierarchies model to studying living nature offers horizonless possibilities for its understanding.