When a patient comes to emergency care for alcohol misuse, he or she is a self-payer. But when a person who has abused drugs (overdoses) comes in for emergency care, the insurance company pays for the service.
I propose that drug abuse (overdose) should also be treated as self-pay, because it is self-harm, just like alcohol. This would also be a preventive move, as we would think twice before overdosing a second time.